This is one of the more common types of "TNT equivalence" and is the one used on USGS form 9-4040A. This convention intends to compare the destructiveness of an event with that of conventional explosive materials, of which TNT is a typical example, although other conventional explosives such as dynamite contain more energy. What actually happens when an anti-matter projectile collides with matter? - Georg Patscheider Nov 30, 2018 at 14:03 For Starship, using B9 and later, how will separation work if the Hydrualic Power Units are no longer needed for the TVC System? Has the cause of a rocket failure ever been mis-identified, such that another launch failed due to the same problem? Use this specific gravity calculator to find the specific gravity of different materials and see whether they will float or sink. Something like this would probably be your optimal (in terms of parsimonious use of anti matter, anyway) approach for #1 and #2. If the Big Bang led to equal parts matter and antimatter forming, these probably would have then bumped into each other, obliterated one another, and then presumably exploded again. Even on larger time scales, creating enough anti-matter to destroy the earth will still be very difficult without invoking the drop a rock strategy. It's exactly the same as matter, except all the electrical charges of its component parts are reversed. [10], Such differences can be substantial. Making 1 gram of antimatter would require approximately 25 million billion (10 15) kilowatt-hours of energy and cost over a million billion US dollars. NASA - New and Improved Antimatter Spaceship for Mars Missions A kiloton of TNT can be visualized as a cube of TNT 8.46 metres (27.8ft) on a side. Estimated mass-energy of the observable universe. Answer (1 of 3): What would happen if we detonated an antimatter bomb on Earth? Professor Doser leads a team studying this strange, expensive, explosive stuffin the wonderfully named Antimatter Factory. Answer (1 of 6): Let's assume a gram of antihydrogen, which would release about 2 GeV per annihilation. Learn how and when to remove this template message, Antimatter-catalyzed nuclear pulse propulsion, "Air Force pursuing antimatter weapons / Program was touted publicly, then came official gag order", "Laser technique produces bevy of antimatter", "Details on antimatter triggered fusion bombs - NextBigFuture.com", "Angels & Demons: The Physics Behind The Movie (and The Book)", "Air Force pursuing antimatter weapons: Program was touted publicly, then came official gag order", Page discussing the possibility of using antimatter as a trigger for a thermonuclear explosion, Paper discussing the number of antiprotons required to ignite a thermonuclear weapon, Safety of high-energy particle collision experiments, Existential risk from artificial intelligence, Self-Indication Assumption Doomsday argument rebuttal, Self-referencing doomsday argument rebuttal, List of dates predicted for apocalyptic events, List of apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antimatter_weapon&oldid=1139434888, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from August 2020, All articles needing additional references, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2004, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 15 February 2023, at 03:22. Where can I find a clear diagram of the SPECK algorithm? TBX (thermobaric explosives) or EBX (enhanced blast explosives), in a small, confined space, may have over twice the power of destruction. Anti-matter Energy Calculator Why is this antimatter issue a big problem for the Big Bang? >$10^{15}kg$, it's not exactly rocket science. So far, all the antimatter created in all the particle accelerators on Earth wouldn't be enough to boil a cup of water. What positional accuracy (ie, arc seconds) is necessary to view Saturn, Uranus, beyond? Counting and finding real solutions of an equation. Crash it into an iridium block. Converts antimatter to energy in joules. [7][8], An antimatter weapon is a part of the plot of the Dan Brown book Angels & Demons and its film adaptation, where it is used in a plot to blow up the Vatican City.[9][5]. At least a trillion tons, probably an order of magnitude or so more when you account for noncentral location and dissipation loss. When a collision between a particle and its opposing antiparticle collide, both of them are annihilated which causes a massive release of energy, otherwise known as an explosion. Antimatter weapons are currently too costly and unreliable to be viable in warfare, as producing antimatter is enormously expensive (estimated at $6 billion for every 100 nanograms), the quantities of antimatter generated are very small, and current technology has great difficulty containing antimatter, which annihilates upon touching ordinary matter. Limitations of the TNT equivalent method), "Appendix B8 Factors for Units Listed Alphabetically", "Tons Of Tnt to Calories | Kyle's Converter", "Convert tons of TNT to joules | energy conversion", "Convert tons of TNT to BTU - British Thermal Unit | energy conversion", "Convert tons of TNT to foot pounds | energy conversion", "Tons Of Tnt to Kilowatt-hours | Kyle's Converter", "The Energy in Wildfires: The Western United States", "Local media: Blast at Cairo cathedral kills at least 25", "How do Thunderstorms and Lightning Work? In other words, beyond this distance, one can assume there would be fewer or no fragments flying. "Perhaps, just under four billion years ago, the Earth could have been hit by asteroids up to 400 kilometers across, forty times bigger than the one that is supposed to have been responsible for the K/T extinctions. If you wanted to blow up the planet you could do so by exploding an antimatter bomb near the Earths core. c is the speed of light which is 299,792,458 meters per second. Antimatter annihilation from anti-hydrogen is surprisingly messy: it will not be pure gamma rays. Or a kilogram? 10 grams of antimatter will annihilate 10 g matter, which just produces 429.6 kT. Taken shamelessly from my previous answer here. Would a kilogram of antimatter be equal to a 500kg bomb of conventional Heavy Exosives? If you wanted to capture antihydrogen without it getting annihilated, then you would have to use something called a loffe trap. barrels of oil. Note It is convention to use ton compared to short ton, net ton American or tonne (1000 kilogrammes.) There is no nuclear bomb that comes close to the power this bomb would have. Energy = Would it be similarly anti-climactic? Still a big bang. Today, it takes nearly a year for an unmanned spacecraft to reach Mars. And for my Trekkie friends out there, that also means fusion-poweredwarp driveslike those on Star Trek ships are unlikely to be a thing any time soon. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. [11], So, one can state that a nuclear bomb has a yield of 15kt (6.31013J); but an actual explosion of a 15000ton pile of TNT may yield (for example) 81013J due to additional carbon/hydrocarbon oxidation not present with small open-air charges.[10]. Antimatter is just like normal matter, except that some of its properties are opposite that of normal matter. ", "La Garita Mountains grew from volcanic explosions 35 million years ago", "The thought experiment: What would happen if the supervolcano under Yellowstone erupted? The total energy output of the Sun per second. ", "Mount St. Helens -- From the 1980 Eruption to 2000, Fact Sheet 036-00", "USGS Earthquake Hazards Program: Energy and Broadband Solution: OFF W COAST OF NORTHERN SUMATRA", Currently deployed U.S. nuclear weapon yields, Complete List of All U.S. Nuclear Weapons, "Energetic output of the 2022 Hunga TongaHunga Ha'apai volcanic eruption from pressure measurements", "The eruption of Krakatoa, August 27, 1883", "Nuclear Weapons: Who Has What at a Glance", "Global nuclear weapons: downsizing but modernizing", Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, "Minimize Harm and Security Risks of Nuclear Energy", "Hurricane FAQ NOAA's Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory", "Tambora 1815: Just How Big Was The Eruption? Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. If antimatter makes contact with any ordinary matter it will explode, this includes air. When it hits the target the capsule breaks and the air/target get hit by the antimatter. . By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. How to force Unity Editor/TestRunner to run at full speed when in background? I mean, in Star Trek, they use Matter/Antimatter reactions to power their starships, it's pretty powerful. I was planning on adding more to this response, but I think Serban covered it as well as I can for numbers #1 and #2. I mean, in the book I read, they had an antimatter device that you could hold in your hand and it would have destroyed I believe the entire Vatican City. @Serban Tanasa: No, it's clearly not the same question. Would one atom of antimatter be lethal if annihilated inside the brain? The asteroid belt just happens to contain a 400 km asteroid built to order, 10 Hygiea Plugging in the numbers (assuming a 17 km/sec impact) you get somewhat more than 1E28 joules, a rather significant savings compared the the gravitational potential of the earth, but still a lot of antimatter just to destroy it with a single bomb, roughly 6E10 kg of antimatter. I have no idea what you're talking about. Did the Golden Gate Bridge 'flatten' under the weight of 300,000 people in 1987? 1 Answer. Check your math. The blast radius for the 1 kg bare explosive detonation is 130 m. This answer is obtained by using the range safety equation, based on Hopkinson-Cranz Law: R = 130 W(1/3) = 130 1(1/3) = 130 m The intensity of the blast wave front is inversely proportional to the cube of the distance. While I can't provide any numbers to back this up, I have a feeling the answers to Part 2 and Part 3 are going to be the same. Anti Matter Energy Calculator. Or would it be similar to a Fat Man Bomb? Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. Unconventional Rocket Drives - Antimatter Propulsion Why are players required to record the moves in World Championship Classical games? Why do you say "pure gamma"? Wonder What's Next? The NIAC is currently researching antimatter powered spaceships, and according to NASA it looks promising. The blast radius is merely an indicative number, and it is still UNSAFE to be anywhere close to the blast radius in a real-world scenario. I mean like a lot of people I've looked at the "NukeMap" website and gone "Wow, the Tsar Bomb really is pretty destructive", what would the Enterprise-D crashing into a city look like by comparison. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Using the convention that 1 kiloton TNT equivalent = 4.1841012 joules (or one trillion calories of energy), one half gram of antimatter reacting with one half gram of ordinary matter (one gram total) results in 21.5 kilotons-equivalent of energy (the same as the atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki in 1945). Nuclear weapon outputs are usually given in megatons, that being the energy released by one megaton of tnt exploding. This worksheet is primarily designed to assist mining companies in determining if they should submit form 9-4040-A to the U.S. Geological Survey. 10 grams of antimatter will annihilate 10 g matter, which just produces 429.6 kT. [1] By way of comparison, the cost of the Manhattan Project (to produce the first atomic bomb) is estimated at US$23 billion in 2007 prices. Approximately 10 grams of antiprotons would be enough fuel to send a manned spacecraft to Mars in one month. One news report called the results of this experiment bizarre, illustrating the manner in which Big Bang thinking often taints the coverage of science reporting. The recipe they use at CERN's Antimatter Factory to achieve this feat is: 1. Expensive? The approximate radiant heat energy released during 3-phase, 600V, 100kA, Conventional bombs yield from less than one ton to, A real 0.454-kiloton-of-TNT (1.90TJ) charge at. Speed it up enormously 3. CAUTION nuclear physics - Would a matter-antimatter explosion cause fallout However for only $600,000 you could fit a 10 millionth of a gram of antimatter into a snipers bullet. Ten things you might not know about antimatter Shock waves A large open explosion of TNT may maintain fireball temperatures high enough so that some of those products do burn up with atmospheric oxygen. This makes it incredibly hard to store antimatter. Why is matter-antimatter asymmetry surprising, if asymmetry can be generated by a random walk in which particles go into black holes? rev2023.5.1.43405. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. The recipethey use at CERN's Antimatter Factory to achieve this feat is: One in every million collisions creates a proton-antiproton pair.
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